<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geores</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Георесурсы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Georesources</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-5043</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1608-5078</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Georesursy LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18599/grs.2022.2.21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geores-148</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение методов машинного обучения в обработке данных геофизических исследований скважин отложений викуловской свиты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Machine learning applications for well-logging interpretation of the Vikulov Formation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахнюк</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhnyuk</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владлен Игоревич Сахнюк – магистрант кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladlen I. Sakhnyuk – Graduate student, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladlensakhnyuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Владимирович Новиков – магистрант кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемы</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy V. Novikov – Graduate student, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарифуллин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharifullin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Маратович Шарифуллин – магистрант кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander M. Sharifullin – Graduate student, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белохин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belokhin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Сергеевич Белохин – кандидат физ.-мат. наук, научный сотрудник кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy S. Belokhin – PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Researcher, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Петрович Антонов – кандидат физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры математического анализа, руководитель НОЦ ПАО «НК «Роснефть» по цифровым технологиям в нефтегазовой отрасли на базе кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey P. Antonov – PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor of Mathematical Analysis Department, Head of Rosneft Research Center</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпушин</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpushin</surname><given-names>M. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Юрьевич Карпушин – геолог, сотрудник кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail U. Karpushin – Geologist, Researcher, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Большакова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolshakova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Александровна Большакова – кандидат геол.- мин. наук, старший научный сотрудник кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Bolshakova – PhD (Geology and Mineralogy), Senior Researcher, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афонин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afonin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Афонин – кандидат физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры вычислительной математики</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Afonin – PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Department of Computational Mathematics</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сауткин</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sautkin</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Сергеевич Сауткин – кандидат геол.-мин. наук, старший научный сотрудник кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman S. Sautkin – PhD (Geology and Mineralogy), Senior Researcher, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суслова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suslova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Анатольевна Суслова – кандидат геол.-мин. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник кафедры геологии и геохимии горючих ископаемых</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Suslova – PhD (Geology and Mineralogy), Leading Researcher, Petroleum Geology Department</p><p>1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>230</fpage><lpage>238</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сахнюк В.И., Новиков Е.В., Шарифуллин А.М., Белохин В.С., Антонов А.П., Карпушин М.Ю., Большакова М.А., Афонин С.А., Сауткин Р.С., Суслова А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сахнюк В.И., Новиков Е.В., Шарифуллин А.М., Белохин В.С., Антонов А.П., Карпушин М.Ю., Большакова М.А., Афонин С.А., Сауткин Р.С., Суслова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sakhnyuk V.I., Novikov E.V., Sharifullin A.M., Belokhin V.S., Antonov A.P., Karpushin M.U., Bolshakova M.A., Afonin S.A., Sautkin R.S., Suslova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geors.ru/jour/article/view/148">https://www.geors.ru/jour/article/view/148</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время интерпретация результатов геофизических исследований скважин производится геофизиками-интерпретаторами, которые предварительно обрабатывают данные и нормируют кривые. Процесс подготовки каротажных кривых может занимать большое количество времени особенно в случаях, когда приходится интерпретировать данные по сотням и тысячам скважин. В данной работе исследуется применимость методов машинного обучения в задаче определения литофизических типов по каротажным кривым. В статье рассмотрены три группы алгоритмов: случайный лес, градиентный бустинг и нейронные сети, а также разработана собственная метрика, которая учитывает особенности литофизической типизации исследуемого объекта и основывается на мере близости литофизических типов для фиксированного комплекса методов геофизических исследований скважин. В результате исследования показано, что алгоритмы машинного обучения способны предсказывать литологию по стандартному набору каротажных диаграмм без нормировки на опорные пласты, что может существенно сократить время на предварительную подготовку кривых.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nowadays well logging curves are interpreted by geologists who preprocess the data and normalize the curves for this purpose. The preparation process can take a long time, especially when hundreds and thousands of wells are involved. This paper explores the applicability of Machine Learning methods to geology tasks, in particular the problem of lithology interpretation using well-logs, and also reveals the issue of the quality of such predictions in comparison with the interpretation of specialists. The authors of the article deployed three groups of Machine Learning algorithms: Random Forests, Gradient Boosting and Neural Networks, and also developed its own metric that takes into account the geological features of the study area and statistical proximity of lithotypes based on log curves values.As a result, it was proved that Machine Learning algorithms are able to predict lithology from a standard set of well logs without calibration on reference layers, which significantly saves time spent on preliminary preparation of curves.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>геофизические исследования скважин</kwd><kwd>интерпретация каротажа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>well logging</kwd><kwd>logging interpretation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке ПАО «НК «Роснефть» в рамках научного проекта – грант на тему «Применение методов машинного обучения в обработке данных геофизических исследований скважин».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with the financial support of Rosneft Oil Company as part of the scientific project – a grant on the topic “Application of machine learning methods in the processing of well logging data”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исакова Т.Г., Дьяконова Т.Ф., Носикова А.Д., Калмыков Г.А., Акиньшин А.В., Яценко В.М. (2021). Прогнозная оценка фильтрационной способности тонкослоистых коллекторов викуловской свиты по результатам исследования керна и ГИс. Георесурсы, 23(2), c. 170–178. https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2021.2.17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Breiman L. (2001). Random Forests. Machine Learning 45, p. 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рашка С., Мирджалили В. (2020). Python и машинное обучение: машинное и глубокое обучение с использованием Python, scikit-learn и TensorFlow 2. 3-е изд. сПб: ооо «Диалектика», 848 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedman J. (2001). Greedy function approximation: A gradient boosting machine. Ann. Statist., 29(5), pp. 1189–1232. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1013203451</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Breiman L. (2001). Random Forests. Machine Learning 45, p. 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haykin S. (1994). Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedman J. (2001). Greedy function approximation: A gradient boosting machine. Ann. Statist., 29(5), pp. 1189–1232. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1013203451</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isakova T.G., Dyakonova T.F., Nosikova A.D., Kalmykov G.A., Akinshin A.V., Yatsenko V.M. (2021). Predictive assessment of the fluid loss properties of thin-layer reservoirs of Vikulovskaya series based on the results of core and well logs. Georesursy = Georesources, 23(2), pp. 170–178. https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2021.2.17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haykin S. (1994). Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Merembayev T. Yunussov R. and Amirgaliyev Y. Machine learning algorithms for classification geology data from well logging. 14th International Conference on Electronics Computer and Computation (ICECCO), pp. 206–212. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECCO.2018.8634775</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Merembayev T. Yunussov R. and Amirgaliyev Y. Machine learning algorithms for classification geology data from well logging. 14th International Conference on Electronics Computer and Computation (ICECCO), pp. 206–212. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECCO.2018.8634775</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohamed I.M., Mohamed S., Mazher I. et al. (2019). Formation lithology classification: insights into machine learning methods. SPE Annual Technical Conference. https://doi.org/10.2118/196096-MS</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohamed I.M., Mohamed S., Mazher I. et al. (2019). Formation lithology classification: insights into machine learning methods. SPE Annual Technical Conference. https://doi.org/10.2118/196096-MS</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peyret A.P., Ambía J., Torres-Verdín C. et al. (2019). Automatic Interpretation of Well Logs with Lithology-Specific Deep-Learning Methods. SPWLA 60th Annual Logging Symposium. https://doi.org/10.30632/T60ALS-2019_SSSS</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peyret A.P., Ambía J., Torres-Verdín C. et al. (2019). Automatic Interpretation of Well Logs with Lithology-Specific Deep-Learning Methods. SPWLA 60th Annual Logging Symposium. https://doi.org/10.30632/T60ALS-2019_SSSS</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raschka S., Mirjalili V. (2019). Python machine learning. Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python, scikit-learn and TensorFlow 2. Birmingham: Packt Publishing Ltd, 741 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prokhorenkova L., Gusev G., Vorobev A., Dorogush A.V., Gulin A. (2019). CatBoost: unbiased boosting with categorical features. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1706.09516</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prokhorenkova L., Gusev G., Vorobev A., Dorogush A.V., Gulin A. (2019). CatBoost: unbiased boosting with categorical features. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1706.09516</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmidhuber J. (2015). Deep learning in neural networks: An overview. Neural Networks, 61, pp. 85–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2014.09.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmidhuber J. (2015). Deep learning in neural networks: An overview. Neural Networks, 61, pp. 85–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2014.09.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Viggen E.M., Merciu I.A., Løvstakken L. et al. (2020). Automatic interpretation of cement evaluation logs from cased boreholes using supervised deep neural networks. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107539</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Viggen E.M., Merciu I.A., Løvstakken L. et al. (2020). Automatic interpretation of cement evaluation logs from cased boreholes using supervised deep neural networks. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107539</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu P., Jain V., Kulkarni M.S. et al. (2018). Machine learning–based method for automated well log processing and interpretation. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2018-2996973.1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu P., Jain V., Kulkarni M.S. et al. (2018). Machine learning–based method for automated well log processing and interpretation. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2018-2996973.1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
