georesГеоресурсыGeoresources1608-50431608-5078Georesursy LLC10.18599/grs.2021.3.19geores-190Research ArticleУГЛЕРОДНОЕ ВЕЩЕСТВО (ДИСКУССИИ)Carbon Matter (Discussion)Неорганическое происхождение углеродного вещества «нефтематеринских» породAn inorganic origin of the “oil-source” rocks carbon substanceМаракушевС. А.MarakushevS. A.

Сергей Алексеевич Маракушев – доктор биол. наук, научный сотрудник

142432, Московская обл., Черноголовка, пр-т ак. Семенова, д. 1

Sergey A. Marakushev – DSc (Biology), Reseacher

1, Ac. Semenov Av., Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432

marak@cat.icp.ac.ruБелоноговаО. В.BelonogovaO. V.

Ольга Васильевна Белоногова – кандидат хим. наук, младший научный сотрудник

142432, Московская обл., Черноголовка, пр-т ак. Семенова, д. 1

Olga V. Belonogova – PhD (Chemistry), Junior Reseacher

1, Ac. Semenov Av., Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432

ovbel@icp.ac.ruИнститут проблем химической физики РАНРоссияInstitute of Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202117042024233164176Copyright © Маракушев С.А., Белоногова О.В., 20242024Маракушев С.А., Белоногова О.В.Marakushev S.A., Belonogova O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geors.ru/jour/article/view/190

На основе неорганической концепции происхождения нефти рассмотрены взаимоотношения твердых фаз керогенов черных сланцев и жидкой нефти в физико-химических условиях типичной геобаротермы на шельфе Мексиканского залива. В условиях высокого флюидного давления двуокиси углерода (СО2 ) с понижением температуры и давления водорода происходит процесс трансформации нефти в керогены различной степени «зрелости» (регрессивный метаморфизм). Генерация керогена в породах черных сланцев протекает путем последовательного перехода через метастабильные равновесия жидкой нефти и псевдокристаллических керогенов (фазовое «замерзание» нефти). Восходящая миграция углеводородов (УВ) нефтяных флюидов, отчетливо фиксируемая в процессах восполнения запасов нефти в нефтяных залежах, сдвигает равновесие нефть ↔ кероген в сторону образования керогена. Это происходит при понижении химического потенциала водорода в результате процессов высокотемпературного карбоксилирования и низкотемпературной гидратации компонентов нефти с образованием «зрелых» и «незрелых» керогенов соответственно.Рассмотрены фазовые взаимоотношения черносланцевых керогенов и жидкой нефти в гипотетических условиях высокого флюидного давления УВ генерирующихся в режиме геодинамического сжатия силикатных оболочек Земли в результате развития глубинного щелочного магматизма. Обосновывается, что снижение давления водорода в системе будет приводить к трансформации восходящих флюидных УВ в жидкую нефть, а при подъеме УВ флюидов к поверхности равновесие УВ ↔ нефть ↔ кероген будет сдвигаться в сторону образования нефти и керогена. Показано, что как в геодинамическом режиме сжатия, так и в режиме расширения мантии и коры, фиксация СО2 и гидратация являются основными геохимическими путями трансформации УВ нефти в кероген и, следовательно, мощнейшим геологическим механизмом образования черносланцевых формаций.

On the basis of an inorganic concept of the petroleum origin, the phase relationships of crystalline kerogens of black shales and liquid oil at the physicochemical conditions of a typical geobarotherm on the Texas Gulf Coast are considered. At the conditions of the carbon dioxide (CO2) high fluid pressure, the process of oil transformation into kerogens of varying degrees of “maturity” (retrograde metamorphism) takes place with decreasing temperature and hydrogen pressure. Kerogen generation in black shale rocks occurs by the sequential transition through metastable equilibria of liquid oil and crystalline kerogens (phase “freezing” of oil). The upward migration of hydrocarbons (HC) of oil fluids, clearly recorded in the processes of oil deposit replenishment in oil fields, shifts the oil ↔ kerogen equilibrium towards the formation of kerogen. In addition, with decreasing of the hydrogen chemical potential as a result of the process of high-temperature carboxylation and low-temperature hydration of oil hydrocarbons, the “mature” and “immature” kerogens are formed, respectively.The phase relationships of crystalline black shale kerogens and liquid oil under hypothetical conditions of high fluid pressure of the HC generated in the regime of geodynamic compression of silicate shells of the Earth in the result of the deep alkaline magmatism development. It is substantiated that a falling of hydrogen pressure in rising HC fluids will lead to the transformation of fluid hydrocarbons into liquid oil, and as the HC fluids rise to the surface, the HC ↔oil ↔ kerogen equilibrium will shift towards the formation of oil and kerogen.It is round that both in the geodynamic regime of compression and in the regime of expansion of the mantle and crust, carboxylation and hydration are the main geochemical pathways for the transformation of oil hydrocarbons into kerogen and, therefore, the most powerful geological mechanism for the black shale formations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.